Different styles of building facade design
Facade design in modern style
Special vertical and horizontal angles and lines are used in modern facade design. The modern facade is one of the most popular facades for residential buildings. In the design of the modern facade of a building, different principles must be observed to achieve the desired result. The use of standard materials and materials such as brick, stone, etc., suitable lighting, the ability to implement the plan, etc. are part of the rules related to the design of the building facade.
Features of the modern facade:
- Little decorations
- Simplicity
- Large openings and large windows
- Not using complex details in the design of the facade of the building
- Using horizontal and vertical lines and asymmetric forms
Minimal design
Minimal style is a style that is very popular today. The main feature of this style is simplicity and avoiding any complexity and disorder.
In the design of the facade in the style of minimalism, any decorative shapes and patterns are removed.
In the design of the minimal view, bright colors and mostly white are used. Space creation is done with the help of cubic shapes and the help of lighting.
The basic principle in the style of minimalism is to achieve maximum beauty with minimum details and decoration.
The use of neutral colors, simple volumes and no decorations can be seen well in this style
Features of modern minimalist design can include:
- Simplicity in form and function
- Simple covering of walls without complications
- Open spaces full of light
- Simple details
Roman facade design
The Roman facade is a facade inspired by the classical style of Rome and Greece. Many styles were inspired by this architectural style, which we can call the neoclassical style from the middle of the 19th century, which led to the reconstruction of Greece in the 20th century. The classical architectural style had different columns according to different periods.
Doric, Unique and Corinthian were among the classical styles. But the neoclassical style was a shell of the classical building on the modern interior facilities.
The main material used in this type of style is stone, and one of the main features of Roman architecture can be pointed out to have a smoothness in the building and facade. It is light.
The Roman facade has three distinctive features compared to other facades. Which include :
- Similarity of the facade.
- The used columns are executed in Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles.
- The facade walls act as decorative columns and the presence of wide and round arches
- Compared to other views, it has more details and elements
Victorian style facade design
Victorian facade design is one of the glamorous architectural styles in which the most details and decorations are used. In the Victorian style, in addition to the walls and side facades of the building, the roof is also used in the design of the facade.
Victorian-style facade design is very popular in villas in the north of Iran. Most of the villas that you have been fascinated by in the north of Iran; They are designed using Victorian style. Gable roofs, luxurious and beautiful terraces are the main elements of Victorian style facade design.
To design a facade in the Victorian style, you have no restrictions in terms of colors and you are free to choose the colors you need for the facade design. However, in this design style, dark colors such as navy blue, crimson and black are used more.
Another thing is to deal with details and patterns. In the design of the facade in the Victorian style, there is no mention of huge columns and magnificent inscriptions; Instead, more aspects of beauty and creating an inviting feeling in the facade of the building are addressed.
Victorian style facade design is mostly done for two or three story buildings; But it does not mean that one-story villas cannot be designed in this style.
Renaissance and Baroque design style
In Europe, the architecture of conical minarets inspired by Gut design gave way to classic arches and rounded arches, more comfortable spaces and fun design details. The Baroque style that emerged in this period by the Catholic Church was to some extent a reflection of the church’s change of position after the Renaissance to correct its previous image.
Art Deco design
France was the birthplace of Art Deco in the 20th century. This style was inspired by the international exhibition of modern decorative accessories. This exhibition was held in Paris in 1925. After that, Art Deco became famous in America and China, and eventually this style became global. Buildings in Art Deco architecture have a simple appearance and are accompanied by symmetrical lines. Chrome, mirror and brass materials are used in this style.
What are the characteristics of Art Deco architecture?
The features of this architecture include shiny surfaces and the use of materials such as glass, stainless steel and matte plates. Another feature of this architecture is the use of geometric shapes such as pyramids, triangular shapes, pyramids and zigzags, etc. Examples of these buildings can be seen in Chicago buildings.
- New volumetric forms and compositions
- Symmetrical and asymmetrical use of plans and views
- Using straight lines, streamlines or zigzags
- The design of high towers in the form of stairs
- Emerging decorations with industrial shapes
- Metal fences with modern industrial shapes
- Different and modern stone, metal, brick and cement facades
- Lighting with neon lamps
- Flat or stepped roofs
- Using bright and contrasting colors
- No restrictions on the use of raw materials
Modern Scandinavian style
Scandinavian architects were also influential in the modernism movement. These architects tried to design calm and simple buildings that are suitable for the cold climate of the northern part of the planet. Finnish architect Alvar Aalto; He used flexible lines in his designs to balance the angles and sharp lines in the modern style. To warm the design in the Scandinavian style; Wood is used alongside glass and steel.
Persian architecture
Pasargad, Persepolis and Naqsh Rostam are among the works related to the Persian style. Examining these works has shown that in the Persian style of building on a platform, curved roofs, exterior facades with stone and column design were popular.
Folding architectural style
There are some cases, all of which will lead to the creation of a folding style architecture, which are:
- pluralism
- rhizome
- horizontalism
- Anti-centrism
- Anti-dualism
- Anti-rationalism
- anti-narrative
- Flexibility
- transfer form
Each space in a folding style building is like a layer. Sometimes these layers are placed parallel to each other and sometimes they are twisted together. Layering is one of the most obvious features of this style and can be seen in almost all buildings of this style.
One of the characteristics of these layers is that they follow the environment in which they are placed. This layering is evident not only in the overall shape of the building but also in the design of the interior spaces, and due to the repetition of these layers, which causes rhythm in the design, it gives a special effect to the building. You can easily see these layers in the proposed design for a hotel by “Zaha Hadid”.
Feature of folding architecture style
Architectural forms in this style are more curved and soft and can easily be transformed into other forms.
You can see this feature in the Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center building in Azerbaijan. The shell of this building is completely soft and flexible and takes a special shape at every point according to the use of the space. Needless to say, the interior architect of this work is Sara Sheikh Akbari, an Iranian woman. He has used the same soft and flexible layers of the folding style in the interior design of this building; Layers that move freely from the raised surface on the wall and continue to move fluidly on the ceiling.
The form in folding architecture is flexible. This form adapts to environmental conditions. Just as the jelly takes the shape of the container it is placed in, the forms or layers of the folding architecture together take the shape of the surrounding environment; For example, a building that plays the role of a railway has an elongated shape like the railway lines. You can see this feature in Zaha Hadid’s “Afragola Railway” in Italy. Foldings do not only pay attention to the appearance of the environment, but also consider the social and historical characteristics of the environment.
Architects of this style are opposed to tall vertical buildings. Most of the buildings built in this style have a horizontal shape. Maybe this is one of the reasons why we rarely see this type of building in the new architecture of Iran. “Greg Lane”, one of the famous architects of this style, in a symbolic move, made the different floors of the “Sears Tower”, which was one of the tallest buildings built in this style, into layers and placed them horizontally together. . With this, he declared his opposition to tall vertical buildings.
In many buildings, important spaces are placed at the top of the building or in the best place, and even their shape is completely different from the rest of the spaces. This difference is so much that the viewer can easily distinguish this space from the others, but the folding style architects are against this hierarchy. In this style, each space has its own use and, like the spaces of the “Columbus Convention Center”, it quietly sits next to the others without trying to show itself off.
Rustic architectural style
The rustic style evokes the life of people of previous centuries and their peaceful relationship with nature. A style that has enabled the pleasant return of nature to the home.
The rustic architectural style is the reunification of human civilization with nature. A union that makes it possible for today’s man to obtain the greatest comfort and inner vitality. In this style, the raw materials used in the elements are taken from nature and are nature-friendly. In this style, the house is like a village hut, full of wooden and original elements that radiate simplicity and peace.
Moroccan architecture
It is a multifaceted structure with a white plaster facade, which usually decorates the interior walls in beige, pink and white colors. Among the distinctive signs of this style are high ceilings, complex carvings, arched entrances and the use of colorful fabrics, narrow and adjacent windows, stairs without railings, bathrooms and toilets with domed ceilings, curved walls, large tiling, various designs, tile courtyards. He pointed out the decorations with lattice wood and geometric designs.
Checkered walls are also common in Morocco. Shades above the bed, inner courtyard, hidden lights, Zelij tiles are other indicators of this style. Horseshoe arches are very common in Moroccan design and are characterized by a large arch over a smooth and relatively narrow doorway.
Attributes
Among the prominent signs of this style, the following can be mentioned:
- high ceiling
- Intricate carvings
- Arched entrances
- Using colorful fabrics
- Narrow windows adjacent to each other
- Stairs without railings
- Bathroom and toilet with a dome-shaped ceiling
- Curved walls
Colors in Moroccan architecture
Colors in Moroccan architecture are often a beautiful combination of white and neutral with bright blues, oranges, reds and other colors. Don’t shy away from using these color palettes in your home’s architecture, you can even use bright cushions, furniture or carpets instead of painting the walls in a bright color and add soul to your home decoration.
Velvet-covered sofas and wooden furniture with carved motifs are the hallmarks of Moroccan furniture. Add cushions and mats made of velvet and Moroccan motifs to the living space. You can give a Moroccan atmosphere to your home by adding a carved parawan or small table. Moroccan carpets centered on geometric designs and abstract patterns with a neutral color combination and soft colors can be a good choice for the interior of your home.
High-tech architecture style
One of the most important features of hi-tech architecture is the high lighting in the facade and the use of pipes and other advanced equipment in the exterior of the building.
